Name _______________________________ Date ________
Section _____
1.
Define / describe each of the following words / terms as they apply to
microbiology.
a.
infection
b.
disease
c.
resident flora (a.k.a. normal microflora)
d.
List at least 4 groups included among the resident
flora.
1.
2.
3
4.
e.
Pathogen
f.
true pathogen
g.
opportunistic pathogen
h.
broad spectrum
3.
A. List four “portals of
entry” exploited by infectious microorganisms
(1)
__________________________________________________
(2)
__________________________________________________
(3)
__________________________________________________
(4)
__________________________________________________
3. B.
3. List four “portals of
exit” exploited by infectious microorganisms
(1)
__________________________________________________
(2)
__________________________________________________
(3)
__________________________________________________
(4)
__________________________________________________
4.
Briefly describe/list four (or so) key stages in the process of
infection
a.
b.
c.
d.
5.
Infectious dose and virulence
a. What is an
“infectious dose”?
b. What is meant
by the “virulence” of an organism?
c. How does the “virulence” of a disease
organism influence the "infectious dose"?
.
6. List
5 to 7 mechanisms by which infectious organisms employ to adhere to (stick to) a
surface (cells, fomites, etc)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
7.
Briefly describe three virulence factors possessed by bacterial
pathogens.
a.
b.
c.
8.
Define / describe each of the following words / terms as they apply to
microbial infections.
a. Localized
infection
b. systemic
infection
c. Focal
infection
d. Mixed
infection
e. Primary
infection
f. Secondary
infections
9.
Distinguish between a “sign” and a “symptom” with regard to infectious
disease.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
10. What
is meant by the term “sequela” (pl. sequelae) of a
disease?
11. What
is epidemiology? What is a
“reportable (notifiable) disease”?
12.
Distinguish between the morbidity rate and the mortality rate of a
disease.
13.
Define / describe each of the following words / terms as they apply to
epidemiology
a.
Prevalence
b.
Incidence
c.
Endemic
d.
Sporadic
e.
epidemic
f. Pandemic
14. What is a “reservoir”
of infection? How can it play
a role in controlling a disease?
15. A. Give an example of the spread of a
disease by direct contact.
B. Give an example of the
spread of a disease by indirect contact.
16. What is a nosocomial
infection?
What
are the three most common forms of nosocomial infections?
a.
b.
c.
17. Relate the
development of Koch’s Postulates to the main theme of this chapter’s topics.